How World Vision International contributes to poverty reduction

How World Vision International contributes to poverty reduction Scientific innovation and good international relations among countries have supported globalization. Globalization has received much advocacy as a lasting solution to world problems however; poverty remains the biggest problem in many developing countries; according to the United Nation definition. Poverty is the inability to achieve and enjoy, on a sustainable basis, the human basic necessities.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on How World Vision International contributes to poverty reduction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The rise in globalization was thought to be a solution to world poverty problems however it has aggravated the state in some nations. Statistics released by FAO in October 2010 indicated that there are 925 million people living below the poverty line. The majority of this population (about 80%) lives in Asia, the pacific, and Africa. Nongovernmental organizations play a crucial role in pov erty reduction and development of sustainable mechanisms to eradicate poverty; such organizations include World Vision International. Social, economic, and political globalization is thought to have solution for the every challenging poverty problem in the world however some nations have continued to suffer. When countries are trading in the international markets, they do so using the frameworks of comparative and absolute advantage. Developing countries produce similar products which they hardly manufacture when selling to the international market. The primary products fetch low prices that are hardly beneficial to the countries; this aggravates poverty in such nations. On the other hand, globalization has assisted to reduce poverty in some countries, the main beneficiaries are developed countries that buy cheap low materials from developing countries and manufacture products that fetch good returns in the world market. This paper discusses how World Vision International contribute s to poverty reduction. World Poverty and globalization Poverty is the inability to achieve and enjoy, on a sustainable basis, the human basic necessities; it means that a person is not able to provide himself with human basic needs like food, shelter, housing, basic education, and health. Globalization has facilitated international trade and economic development among countries that is believed to trickle down to the less fortunate in the society, however the rate at which the benefits of globalization reach to the less fortunate is wanting.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to WFP, poor people are not able to get clean and safe drinking water, they lack sufficient nutritious, they are hungry, they lack energy for cooking food and lightening, have inadequate clothing and beddings, and their living conditions is wanting. The first agenda that the Unite d Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000 had was to eradicate poverty and hunger all over the world by 2015, although some efforts have been made, the success rate is wanting. According to UNICEF poverty report 2010, 2.5 billion people live below 2 dollars per day, of these population 1 billion are children who are deprived one or more essential services to survival; the report further illustrated that about half a million people die every year of conditions that relate to poverty (World Food Program Official Website, 2011). The alarming statistics brings the question of what are the cause if poverty; according to WFP, there are numerous factors that jointly or singularly contribute to poverty, they include lack of individual responsibility, unpredictable climatic conditions, bad government policy, wars, un-exploiting resources, exploitation by people, inequality, corruption, and businesses with power and influence, or some combination of these among others. Developing countries remain to the main culprits of poverty in the 21st century, people living in the countries can handle sustain a decent living standards which on the other hand exposes them to other social and health risks. It is with the understanding of the root causes of poverty that World Vision International, it enacts programs that address the root causes so that they remain sustainable in the future even after the withdraw of the project. World Vision International projects are community based and aim at mobilizing funds, resources, and manpower to get solutions on poverty in different parts (Michael, 2000). In 2008, World banks measure for poverty was changed from being those people living on the equivalent of 1 dollar to 1.25 dollars; with the revised poverty cut line, the organization estimated that there are approximately 1.4 billion people who live below the poverty line.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on How World Vision International contribut es to poverty reduction specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The figure was higher than the figure that had been recorded in 2004 of 984 million. The main reason that the organization had to raise the poverty line level is the fact that food and energy prices are skyrocketing every year (World Food Program Official Website, 2011). The image below shows the poverty trends over time: Chart 1: World Poverty levels over time In the chart above, it is evident that world poverty rate has been on he decrease when considering China; china has benefited from international trade and globalization as it manufactured different commodities for the world. When the effect of China has been removed, the rate at which world poverty reduces is wanting, in some years there has been an increase in the poverty rate while in others there has been a decrease. The reason why China was excluded is that it had a high reduction of poverty in the covered time frame from a bout 85% to 15.9%. Distribution of income among different communities and countries has been blamed as the main cause of poverty in developing countries which account for over 80% of the poor. When globalization is factored, the countries have been used as primary producers of raw materials and consumers of finished products from developed countries. When resources are not distributed equitably then wealth is concentrated with a small number of people while the rest live in poverty. The chart below shows income distributing among different continents:Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Chart 2: Income distribution among continents The graph above indicates that Sub-Saharan Africa, Middle East and Latin American have the highest inequality in the globe; apparently the continents/nations have the highest poverty rates. When income is not equally distributed, a country has some section of its population extremely poor while others are doing well. The poor are reduced to workers of the well to do in the community thus creating difficulty in eradicating poverty. World Vision International World Vision International is a Christian based nongovernmental organization founded in 1977 in the United States that works with local governments, community developments and other nongovernmental organizations to eradicate poverty and injustice. World Vision International aims at assisting poor people to develop programs that can enable them provide enough food and other basic wants to themselves and their children. The organization’s mission statement states â€Å"to follo w our Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ in working with the poor and oppressed to promote human transformation, seek justice and bear witness to the good news of the Kingdom of God, (World Vision 2011). The funding of World Vision comes from world governments, corporation and private donors; after receiving the funds, the organization is expected to address various programs in the best order according to need. When conducting its business, the organization is able to operate via collaboration with governmental institutions like USAID, DFID, EuropeAid, ECHO, Save the Children, the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) among others (Julie, 1998). Poverty reduction programs undertaken by World Vision International in different countries When undertaking poverty eradication programs, World Vision engages in numerous activities that directly address poverty among the community. One main cause of poverty that has been quoted in different parts of the world is inefficient utilization of natural resources; when people are illiterate they fail to understand the need or how to maximize/optimize their resources. Education is one basic human need; at least primary education has become a necessity in modern globalizing world. World Vision has programs that motivate school going children to attend schools; for example in Kenya, an East African country, the international organization has a lunch program where it feed primary going children in the north eastern province of the country where poverty prevails. The strategy in Kenya seeks to break the traditional lifestyle of the north easterners who are nomadic pastoralists; when young girls and boy attend schools they are shown other income generating programs like crop farming. In Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), the world poorest county, World Vision has enacted programs that aim to increase school enrolment and attendance rates. Some of the programs that the organization has enacted include providing nutritious mid-morning snacks and take-home rations for girls and informal boarders; such programs motivate children to go to school as they are assured of a meal and also motivate parents to send their children to school. The program that the nongovernmental operates in Lao is named â€Å"Early Childhood Care and Development (ECCD)† When choosing the location to enact a certain school feeding program in either Kenya or Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), World Vision uses vulnerability analysis and mapping (VAM), the programs focuses on remote areas and urban slums. In Cambodia, the organization has a program that seeks to stop the spread of sex tourism and child sexual exploitation, in 2009, the organization rescued 349 cases of child sexual exploitation; the program has the objective of ensuring that children remain in school and will contribute positively to the economic development of the country (World Food Program Official Website, 2011). In times of emergency, the organization has been called for fast rescue operations where it has intervened to improve the living standards of the people despite the situation, for instance in Battambang Province , the orgnaisation fed about 10000 people affected by flood in the country on 11-12th October 2011. Although World Vision seeks to address emergency food needs, after rescuing a situation, it works with the countries government to enact long lasting policies to reduce the poverty rate of the people. The program of micro-financing is operated through other organizations in the country where some soft loans are given to individuals and groups in communities to start income generating programs. The policy of micro financing as adopted by the organization take the form of Muhammad Yunus micro financing strategy. The aim of the microfinance approach is to alleviate poverty by financially empowering the less fortunate in the society. Women have be nefited from the scheme and are increasingly changing their traditional role; they can participate in decision making. One of the major reasons quoted why the poor have had a large number of children than the rich is because of lack of economic activities they can do. With microfinance they are empowered and thus they have economic things to do other than getting children. Secondly traditionally especially in developing countries the role of a woman has been to bear children. The role has changed since they can assess loans and participate equally in decision of whether to get children or not. They have opted to have few children. Some of the nations that have benefited from the programs include Uganda; in Uganda, World Vision operates in 37 of the countries 80 districts since 1986. Programs in Uganda are aimed at assisting Ugandan families attain and live more sustainable livelihoods; the organization offers loans to the country to come up with income generating programs like tree planting, substance and commercial farming, goat keeping, bee keeping, and cattle rearing. Such programs target the poor in the country and have played a crucial role in poverty eradication; to operate in Uganda the organization has 46 child-focused and community-based Area Development Programmes (ADPs). In Rwanda, World Vision has been in operation since 1976 where it engaged into partnership programs of poverty eradication and creating reunion of families. It has also partnered with UNDP to facilitate economic development in the region. programs by the two organizations was named Integrated Family Development Initiatives (IFDI); under the program, the organizations would offer funds to potential inventors train them on basic management skills and see them implement viable businesses In Philippines the organization has a program named â€Å"cash-for-work† project is targeted to those people who were affected by 2010 ‘s typhoon flooding, the nature of the project is tha t people are expected to work on the destroyed areas like buildings then they are paid using mobile phones money transfer. The program offers about US $6.00 (about 80 percent of the daily minimum wage), with the project, the organization has been able to assist in poverty reduction among the affected people and offer them hope to rebuild themselves. The program launched in September 2010 targets to reach about 2000 participants living in Manila; Manila was largely affected by Tropical Storms Parma and Ketsana in 2009 (World Food Program Official Website, 2011). Most poor countries are suffering from population that is infected or affected by H.I.V. AIDS; World Vision through the policy called social protection strategy addresses the negative effects of the epidemic. Nutrition is a key component in management of HIV/AIDS; the response of anti-retroviral drugs can only be positive if the patient feeds on a balanced budget. In poverty stricken countries patients hardly afford nutritiou s meals, this is the first point that World Vision intervenes; it gives patients nutritious food to boost their response. When patients are on drugs and good diet, they get strong fast and return to their respective working places to earn a decent living. In 2003, President’s Plan for Emergency AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) announced that the main problem cited by people living with HIV/AIDS was lack of food, he further emphasized that if the population can be correctly fed, then its effects can be manageable. In 2008, World Vision estimated to have assisted 2.4 million people affected by HIV/AIDS; the main assistance was through offering them balanced diet food that they can continue with their daily chore. Some other areas that World Vision has enacted HIV/AID programs include Afar, Benishangul Gumuz, Somali and Gambella; according to the international organization website, in 2010, the organization was able to support 2.5 million people in 47 countries through its HIV or TB program . The programs not only address the sick people when suffering but it also offers them financial support after their recovery; such efforts go a long way in reducing poverty (World Food Program Official Website, 2011). In most poor countries, agriculture is the main activity, however the economic practice is hampered by the way it is conducted in the country and unpredictable climatic condition experienced in the world today. With this realization World Vision has programs that educate farmers in poor countries on the most sustainable methods of farming and giving them farming inputs like seeds and fertilizers. In some nations, the organization has assumed the role of the buyer of produce; it buys them at a competitive price and stores them safely to cater for any emergency in the region. At Nicaragua, world second poorest country according to World Bank, WFP has a program termed â€Å"Purchase for Progress† (P4P), under this program the organization buys maize and other grai n foods from farmers; under the program, farmers are expected to get farm inputs like seeds and fertilizers from the organization then they will be deducted off the amount when they are being paid their dues. Under the program, those farmers who have land but are not able to raise capital to cultivate them for their food and for selling are able to earn a living as a result. As part of â€Å"Purchase for Progress† (P4P) farmers who have enrolled in the program get free training on management and post-harvest techniques, good manufacturing practices and cooperative systems; the program have seen the natives improve their farm produce and be able to feed their families and cater for other social needs (Gough, 2004). The program at Nicaragua was initiated after the realization that the main problem affecting small scale farmers in the country was lack of reliable market; WFP took the challenge and offered to buy produce from the farmers. â€Å"Purchase for Progress† (P4P) operates in six cooperatives which acts as maize collection points, according to the president of the cooperative, Luis Enrique Quezada, the program has assisted the participants earn an extra coin and reduced their rate of poverty. In Timor-Lest one of the poorest Asian country, WFP with the collaboration of the countries government, coffee exporters Timor-Global have established a food plant that produces supplements to the country’s population which previous had to be imported. According to the WFP Country Director Joan Fleuren, the program is expected to boost coffee farmers gains from their farming and also when exported the product is expected to be a foreign earner. With such moves, the farmers are likely to have an improved living condition and the country has an extra income derived from exports. One problem that has continued to increase poverty is the notion that women are not expected to be working; this myth prevails in most developing countries. Although itâ₠¬â„¢s difficult to change culture, World Vision has enacted educational and supportive programs that advise on the need for women to become economically empowered. Such programs involve calling stakeholders and letting them discuss on modalities that they can use to empower women (Gough, 2004). In Kyrgyz Republic World Vision works with the government to improve the living conditions of refugees and injured. It is estimated that there are 80,000 Uzbek refugee in the country; the program targets women-headed families and the vulnerable in the community. The program has resulted to an increased income to the countries target population; to manage the program the organization uses women groups which contain women whose husbands has left the country in search of jobs, widowed women, and women who find them single form situations like getting a child out of wedlock. In the Republic of Tanzania, World Vision has enacted women funding program where it offers soft loans to women groups to a ssist them start small businesses. When such loans have been offered, the organization sees to it that the women understand basic management skills and styles to assist them advance the business. Loans in Tanzania are disbursed via micro finance institutions which graduate women from groups and make them stand alone that they can get loans. Some of the programs that have been funded by the program include cattle rearing, poultry keeping, bee keeping, and salons (World Vision Official Website, 2011). The advocacy and other processes that World Vision International contributes to poverty reduction engages to make a contribution to policy To address poverty among communities, World Vision has direct and indirect programs; when using the approach for direct projects, the organization becomes a player where it trades and facilitates economic engagements directly. In the areas of direct intervention, the organization may operate with the collaboration of other NGO’s or the governme nt to establish the best way that it can reach the target population. Although ensuring that the world gets adequate and nutritious food is the main objective of the organization, direct programs aim at ensuring that the community targeted can feed itself in the future. The next approach used by World Vision to address poverty take the form of an indirect approach, under the strategy, the organization offers incentives and assistance to people in such a way that they will be able to become economically productive. Such programs include the HIV/AIDs program where the organization give nutritious food to victims in the efforts to make them stronger and look for their living, other programs include school feeding programs where children are motivated to attend school; in the future the children are expected to offer manpower and get decent jobs (World Vision Official Website, 2011). The effects of the World Vision International Programs The numerous World Vision programs aim at improvi ng target groups living standards; they are programs that have given people hope and offered them some foundations where they can start small businesses. World Vision programs address the root cause of issues facing a certain community but starts by providing them with basic human needs; before enacting policies that assist them earn a living on their own. When individuals are economically empowered, they are able to address their own problems and provide their families with basic human wants like food, shelter, and education (World Food Program Official Website, 2011). World Vision has numerous education programs targeting school-going children and others adults. Adult education programs are mostly on how they can earn extra income or how they can utilize their resources effectively. Such programs assist in efficient production and boosts productions thus reducing poverty. When address and motivating children to attend schools the organization has the future generation in mind. An educated generation is more likely to address their issues and enact poverty fighting mechanisms that best fits them; this is what the organization wants to see in the future. Looking at the children education programs from another angle, when people are educated investors are more likely to prefer such counties as the labor will be informed and easy to manage (Deacon, Hulse Stubbs, 1997). Conclusion The strategies adopted by the World Vision International to eradicate poverty are either direct or indirect; under the direct programs the organization engages directly in income generating programs to help the target population earn sustainable income. Some of the direct engagements include provision of farming inputs, provision of soft loans to community groups to start small businesses, educating people on business management skills, and buying produce from farmers who cite lack of market as their main hindrance to economical agriculture. Indirect project aims at creating better wor king environments that can facilitate development of economic activities currently or in the future. Such programs include education facilitation programs, food provision programs, medicine provision programs, and peace keeping mission. References Deacon, B., Hulse, M. Stubbs, P. (1997). Global social policy : international organizations and the future of welfare. London : Sage. Gough, I. (2004). Human Well-Being and Social Structures: Relating the Universal and the Local, Global Social Policy, 4(3), 289-312. Julie, F. (1998). Nongovernments : NGOs and the political development of the Third World. West Hartford: Kumarian Press. Michael, E. (2000). NGO Rights and Responsibilities : a New Deal for Global Governance. London : The Foreign Policy Centre. World Food Program Official Website. (2011). World Food Program. Retrieved from https://www1.wfp.org/ World Vision Official Website. (2011). World Vision International. Retrieved from https://www.wvi.org/

How to Throw an Unforgettable College Dorm Party

How to Throw an Unforgettable College Dorm Party One of the biggest rites of passage for college students is to throw a completely unforgettable college dorm party. What better way to celebrate an occasion or simply kick off some steam from the stresses of college than to let loose with your friends – and everyone else they brought along. If you’re strapped for ideas we’ve got you covered with the main essentials to throwing a party that no one will forget. Logistics Time The first thing you should be is pick a date and time that won’t interfere with anything else big on campus. For example, if there’s a huge bar crawl happening, don’t try to throw a party on the same night. Throwing a party as a go-to spot after a sporting event might be a good springboard for your party, but do your best not to conflict with other parties and events on campus. Promotion Next, start promoting! There’s no party without people. Grab your phone and make the call known on social media. Twitter, Instagram and Snapchat (if you haven’t deleted your app) are the best ways to reach classmates (because who uses Facebook anymore). Feel free to start a hashtag with your room number or address and post the deets to your story. If you’re not feeling an invite-yourself situation post and invite those interested to DM you so you can have more control over who shows up to your epic party. Guests Make sure you don’t just invite girls or guys, there needs to be a good mix of both so invite as many girls as you can because they always bring friends and do the same with guys. Gather up as many as possible. Speaking of who shows up, you’re going to get some randos and tag-a-longs. That comes with the territory of being an awesome party host. People will hear through the grapevine, someone will bring their besties from the next college over and that guy you vaguely remember from French 101 will show up and eat all the snacks. Be prepared for everything to balloon – in a good way. That’s why it’s a good idea to keep an eye on your maximum capacity. If you don’t want to get shut down before the fun begins keep an eye on how many people you can fit comfortable in your space and have a friend help you keeps tabs on how many partygoers walk through the door. Atmosphere Compile the World’s Greatest Playlist. That means all the hits, some cool new joints that only the music geeks know about and a few crowd favorites that will take you back to middle school dances. Choose a mix of songs that will get the crowd hype and some that give everyone a chance to relax and just bop to the beat. Also make sure that you save the best songs for the height of the party, you don’t wanna waste your best tunes on the beginning when people are just trickling in. Load Up on Snacks. After you’ve crafted the perfect playlist, it’s time to load up on snacks. Guests love to fulfill their hunger for the munchies with some light fair. You can never go wrong with chips and dip, popcorn, some microwave boneless wings, guac or even candy. Feeling creative? You can make small finger food like meatballs or spinach dip. For the more mature crowd with a sweet tooth try taking a bag of gummy bears and soaking them overnight in vodka or peach schnapps. Buzz and sweets? Sounds like a match made in heaven! Drinks And since we’re on the topic, it wouldn’t be a college party if someone didn’t bring the alcohol. You can make a punch with the alcohol of your choice and punch or simply have beers and shots for the crowd. Make sure you keep some in reserve so you can monitor how much is consumed and keep any underage guests from becoming inebriated. Grab plenty of plastic cups and shot glasses so you’re guests aren’t left having to drink out of the bottle and swapping germs. There’s no fun in that. And make sure you plan to have enough so everyone can achieve their desired buzz. Parties are no fun when someone gets blackout drunk and becomes ill or hurts themselves or others – but the best parties are the ones where everyone lets loose and has some fun. On the flip side, try to stay away from the drug scenetoo many stoned or high people can go bad quickly and kill the vibe of the party. Hosting Duties Let’s be honest, you’ll have a few wallflowers at your party initially, so make an effort to talk to everyone who shows upafter all they didn’t have to! Show your appreciation, even if you don’t know them or don’t think highly of them and introduce them to other people who can make them feel comfortable. Tell jokes, take song requests, make fun announcements, challenge guests to games, you name it! It’s your time to have some fun and push everyone to have fun with you. And once everyone’s let loose a bit everything will seem ten times as fun. Don’t be afraid to play a few games: Drinking games, giant Jenga, cards and more are fan favorites that will get your guests interacting and having fun. You may want to move the furniture around so no one knocks into your lamp and to leave room for people to mingle and dance if they choose. Designate a friend as a lookout/bouncer to keep the party from getting crashed or shut down early. If things get out of hand, this person can get things back in order so everyone still has fun. This person can also make sure the location doesn’t exceed it capacity or break any music rules. Have mixologist, you know that one friend or party guest who knows exactly how to mix drinks. Finally, enjoy yourself! Once the party’s going keep yourself present and emet new people, don’t put a lot of pressure on yourself and see where the night takes you. It won’t be long before everyone’s blowing up your inbox asking about the next party.

Strategic International Business Management Essay

Strategic International Business Management - Essay Example However, before going internationally, the company needs to address its weaknesses, including frequent product recalls, negative international publicity, and bad accounting practices. The potential target market for Tesco chosen for this paper was the Chilean market. Chile is a highly attractive market for Tesco due to its competitive position in the South American region in terms of economic ranking, openness to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), basic business requirements and other parameters. Retailing industry in Chile is growing and is forecasted to show positive growth in future. Also, there is a growth of demand for imported, exotic and sophisticated products among the urban population of Chile, which is a good business opportunity for Tesco. Hypermarkets and Supermarkets in Chile is one of the most popular establishments for grocery shopping as this segment has the highest % share. The number of supermarkets and hypermarkets is continuously growing in Chile and indicate that t here are growth opportunities for Tesco. Among three market entry strategies suggested, it was recommended to pursue acquisition strategy in order to enter the Chilean retail market. With the development of international logistics, information technology, global integration, and liberalization of markets more and more companies seek the opportunities for international expansion. One of such companies is the UK-based retailing chain, Tesco Plc. The company already operates in the European and some Asian markets. However, the firm seeks for other markets for international expansion. The aim of this paper is to suggest a potential international market for Tesco’s expansion, to analyze the external environment of the proposed country and to provide recommendations regarding the selection of a market entry strategy for Tesco. Tesco is a network of retail stores selling grocery, general merchandise, electrical products, apparel and other non-food items (MarketLine Advantage, 2015).

Leadership2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Leadership2 - Essay Example Bank Dhofar is one of the financial services firms growing at unprecedented rates in the Sultanate. The management team is proud of the quality of the services the bank offers. Project finance services, consumer banking, treasury services, and corporate banking are designed to satisfy the diverse needs of consumers, small and medium size businesses, and medium-size companies across the Sultanate. The history of incorporation of Bank Dhofar traces back to January 1990. By then, the bank was referred to as Bank Dhofar al Oman al Fransi. There were only two branches at Salaash and Muscat. During this time, Oman was still an absolute monarchy characterised by widespread autocracy. Bank Dhofar extended its network in 1992 by acquiring Bank of Credit and Commerce International from the Central Bank of Oman. The year 1999 saw the bank inaugurating the head office in the Commercial Business District. More improvements were witnessed when the bank purchased 16 commercial bank branches in 2000, mergered with Majan International Bank in 2002, obtained all regulatory and administrative approvals in 2003, and launched Maisarah Islamic Banking Services in 2013. Presently, Bank Dhofar is the second largest bank in Oman based on the market share. The bank has changed leadership styles over time to keep pace with the market dynamisms. The reputation concerning strong commitment to consistency and growth has helped boost the popularity of Bank Dhofar as financial institution. Managing employees across all branches requires fair, but strict leadership policies in order to avoid laxity at work and ensure that workers are highly motivated to work towards improved performance. Bank Dhofar has a vision of maintaining their status as the best bank in the Gulf. The vision will be achieved through delivering the best experiences to the bank’s customers and creating both personal and collective development

Africa from A to Z :: essays research papers fc

Africa A to Z By: Doug Wilson Algeria Algeria is the second-largest country in Africa. Oil and gas products make up for most of Algeria’s exports. Algeria ranks as the second largest exporter of gas and oil products after Russia. The Sahara desert makes up more than 90 percent of Algeria’s territory. The population of Algeria is approximately 31 million people. The primary language of Algeria is Arabic, although French dialects are also widely spoken. The primary religion of this country is Sunni Muslim. Botswana Botswana has the world’s richest diamond mines. But, unfortunately it also has the world’s highest AIDS infection rate. Over one-third of Botswana’s people suffer from the disease. Although livestock employs seventy-five percent of the population, diamonds are its richest product. The population of Botswana is approximately one million five hundred and seventy-six thousand people. Primary languages spoke are English and Setswana. Their primary religion is made up of about 50% local beliefs, and 50% Christian beliefs. Chad Chad is one of Africa’s least developed countries; it has more than 100 languages, three religions and three types of weather. Chad’s main source of income is cotton and its chief business is cotton ginning. Starting in 2001, a controversial oil pipeline was started in Chad, run by Exxon Mobil, and could bring millions of dollars to the Chad government. The population of the country of Chad is approximately eight million four hundred and twenty-five thousand people. Chad’s official language is French and Arabic, but they also have over 100 other languages in their country. The three main religions are Muslim, Christian and Animist. Djibouti Djibouti is located in Eastern Africa, and borders the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea. Djibouti occupies a very important location at the mouth of the Red Sea, in relation to over-seeing the shipment of goods into and out of East Africa. Their primary sources of income and export is agricultural products. The population of Djibouti is approximately four hundred and sixty-seven thousand people. The official languages are French and Arabic, but also include Somali and Afar. This countries primary religion is Muslim. Egypt Cairo is the capital city of Egypt. The people of Egypt introduced the idea of irrigation for agriculture from the Nile River. Egypt’s main export income comes from crude oil and petroleum products as well as cotton, textiles and metal products. The Nile River, is known as the father of Africa’s rivers, and is located in Egypt. The population of Egypt is approximately sixty-eight million three hundred and sixty thousand people.

Charlotte’s Web by E. B. White: A Story of Grief or Loss Management

1. Identify the book by title and date of print. E. B. White’s book entitled Charlotte’s Web was first printed in 1952. The book I just read, however, was the one that was printed only in 2001 by HarperCollins. 2. Give a brief summary of the story. The story talks of a runt whom an eight-year-old girl named Fern Arable has saved from being slaughtered by her father. Instead of doing away with the young pig, Mr. Arable puts Fern in charge with it, who later gave it the name ‘Wilbur’. However, after being put a few yards away from Fern to her uncle’s home down the road, Wilbur begins to feel lonely because he needs to have a friend. A voice begins to tell Wilbur that he already has a friend. It was Charlotte, a beautiful gray spider that owns a big vocabulary. A number of weeks after, they learned that Zuckerman plans to slaughter Wilbur. Charlotte forms a plan, and in order to save her friend’s life, she begins to spell words and phrases in her web that praise Wilbur, so Zuckerman decides to bring him to the County Fair. Even if Charlotte has been preparing to lay eggs, she accompanies Wilbur to the fair and spins another word that made way for Wilbur to win the special medal and the $25 award. At the county, Charlotte lays a total of 514 eggs, but she is just about to die, so Wilbur takes her egg sac and takes responsibility of her children. He will never forget Charlotte, his first and most remarkable, true friend. 3. Why do you think this book was chosen for Grief Management Class? Why did you choose this book? I think this book was chosen for Grief Management Class because it clearly reveals a way of being able to manage grief or loss. This is evident in the story when Wilbur shows how strong he is by doing something that is beneficial even with the loss of his true friend, Charlotte. Wilbur takes responsibility of Charlotte’s eggs, knowing that it is the only thing available that would surely give joy to Charlotte had she been alive. I chose this book because I like the theme of the story, as it shows that, while being in a state of grief or loss, it would be useless to merely sit or think and act negatively over the incident. We have to be strong inside and out to be able to stand up and take courage to fight. There are ways that we can use to manage grief or loss. 4. What topics, themes, stereotypes, problems, and information would relate to the following grief management issues in Children and Adolescents text readings that are illustrated in the Charlotte’s Web book? There are grief management issues that are being illustrated in the book: (1) In relation to one child with death, the book illustrates that people who are grieving over the loss of a child should be forward-minded and should think about the alternative of coming up with another child who could help take away the feeling of loss or grief. 2) In relation to Children Developmental Tasks, the book shows how parents should develop the mental and emotional beings of their children, and one example is through the use of chores or responsibilities that train them on how to become strong and independent. (3) In relation to death encounters and attitudes during childhood, the book illustrates that, like young Wilbur, children are helpless over personal cases that trigger the feelings of loss or grief; friends and loved ones should accompany them. 4) In relation to death-related concepts in childhood, the book illustrates that, as seen in the episode after Charlotte dies in the story, children are unable to connect death with the reality of how it can affect the future. (5) In relation to children who live in life-threatening illnesses, the book illustrates that they need friends who would accompany them over their defenselessness. Finally, (6) in relation to helping children cope with death and bereavement, the book shows that coping go hand in hand with new focuses and tasks. . What part of the book made the most impact on you and might remain with you? The part of the book that made the most impact and one that might remain with me is the episode when Charlotte dies alone with Wilbur leaving to take her egg sac. At first, I was anxious as to why Wilbur would do such a thing as to leave Charlotte in the county while dying. Later on, I perceived that what Wilbur did was something that Charlotte would have wanted because her friend took responsibility of something that she would not have been able to do. Friendship does not just focus on friends alone. 6. What did you learn from doing this assignment? From this assignment, I learned that grief or loss management cannot be completed without being strong inside and out. It is doing something that is forward-looking, and doing what our lost or departed friends would have wanted all along. I learned that to manage grief or loss, I have to stand up and fight, while making sure that my mental and emotional sides are intact. Having true friends is also an important factor.

Dubais Financial Market - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1766 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Dubai Financial Market Contents Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Dubais Financial Market" essay for you Create order Mission and Objective: Activities: Products / Services: Operations: Rules and Regulations: Benefits and usage: Mission and Objective: Dubai Financial Market, the stock exchange of UAE is established on 26th March, 2000 at Dubai as a public institution having its own independent corporate body by a resolution from the Ministry of Economy no, 14 of 2000. The DFM is working as a secondary market for trading of securities issued by public joint stock companies, bonds issued by the Federal Government or any of the local Governments or any public institutions of the country, units of investment funds, and any other local or foreign instruments, acceptable in the market. The mission of DFM is to provide different types of professional services related to stock exchange market to ensure with the variety of innovative services related to Trading, Clearing, Settlement and Depository of different instruments in an efficient, transparent and liquid environment. There are three such institutions in UAE, named as Dubai Financial market, Abu Dhabi Security Exchange- who is mainly working on the UAE Companys securities and NASDAQ Dubai-mainly deals in foreign instruments. The concept of stock exchange market is relatively new to UAE and people were keen to know the tricks of investing in stock exchange market. To guide them in proper manner the Government established DFM with common objective of educating the investment savvy Emiratis with the perspective of huge interest to be grown in UAE people and the revenue generation by way of volume of trading to the Government treasury. When a stock exchange is established in any country, the companies rush to list their instruments there for easy, transparent and professional trading enabling the companies to flourish with their performances. DFM is no exception, particularly with the high level of professional execution, the members are happy. The credential of a stock exchange may be derived by the volume of transactions take place for certain period, but behind the screen, the satisfactory level of the clients are also major factor to rate the stock exchange abo ut its efficiency level. The basic values of DFM to be followed are- transparency, confidentiality, efficiency, innovation and integrity. A long path to be flowed with the strong values makes the venture successful and trust worthy for the members of the institution. DFM runs with a vision to prove its entity as the World Class Regional marketplace. Activities: The activities of DFM are multi-folded- 1) To enlist new instruments in the exchange. 2) Calculate the derivatives 3) Ensure the smooth function of trading 4) Disbursement of capital to the eligible entity 5) The collection of revenue related to the transactions 6) The proper launching IPOs To enlist the new instruments in the market, there are certain systems which are set by the universal guideline and the same is to be followed. For calculation of derivatives, there is some calculation based on statistics which is done at the exchange by the experts. For smooth trading, the software is to be full proof and should not be prone to break down. The shut down process for maintenance or overhauling may be exercised during the period of official holidays. The disbursement of capital to the eligible entities- the seller should be flown from the buyer through Demat bank account and the process is to cash n carry which is monitored by the portfolio managers of the stock exchange. The collection of revenue from the transaction to be debited to the seller and buyer and that invoicing is done as per the standard system which is automatic and should not falter. When an IPO is launched, there seems to be heavy propaganda in media related to that. The opening and the closing date ar e mentioned in the brochure. The monitoring of the entire procedure is the portfolio of stock exchange market. Products / Services: The following products are available from the desk of DFM:- Equity instruments- DFM operates as a secondary market for the trading of equities and other instruments issued by Public shareholding companies and Government and Quasi- Government entities whether based in UAE or overseas. The categories of equities provided by DFM are- 1) shares,2) Dual Listed Shares, 3) Other Financial instruments. The shares are of the limited company shares floated in the stock exchange can be bought and become the partial owner of the company. The dual shares are the shares listed in more than one market, like one share listed in DFM and Gulf Finance House. The category of other financial instruments includes TEFs, Security lending and Borrowing, Market Maker, Short Selling, Mutual Funds, Rights Issues and Cover Warrants. Debt Instruments- As per the vision of His Highness Sheikh Mohammed Al Maktoum, Prime Minister and Ruler of Dubai, with his initiative to develop into the Capital of Islamic Economy and transform Dubai into a global sukuk center, DFM is the pioneer of debt instruments as per the principle of Fatwaa and Sharia Supervisory Board. There are two types bonds readily available in DFM- 1) Sukuk (Islamic Bonds) and Bonds. DFM along with NASDAQ Dubai offer a selection of Sukuk through single trading platform, including Sukuk listed by equity issuers, government bodies and institutions. DFM and NASDAQ Dubai listed Sukuk are tradable on-exchange. The conventional concept of Sukuk is not as per the concept of bonds; here the interest is not payable in cash, instead accumulated in asset, usufructs and financial rights. Bonds are also floated in the market by DFM and NASDAQ Dubai in the forms of selection of bonds including bonds listed by equity issuers, Government bodies and institutions. DFM an d NASDAQ Dubai listed bonds are tradable on-exchange. Securities Lending and Borrowing- SLB is the term used for temporary loan against securities by a lender or borrower on the condition that the lender may recall the securities at any time of his choice, subject to normal market settlement cycle not withstanding any agreed maturity date, or borrower may return the securities at any time. The merits of SLB are that the process leads to market efficiency and liquidity, in turn reduces market volatility by reducing bid/offer spread and increasing bid/offer depth, allows price discovery and the arbitrage of pricing inefficiencies, supports the development of the capital market by facilitating various investment strategies. IVESTOR- Unique innovation for investors to get eh benefit of dividend receiving through the IVESTOR Card. As per the resolution of Securities and Commodities Authority with no 28/R of 2010, this concept is initiated by DFM, mainly for the youth below age of 21, to encourage them for trading in DFM security market. The feature of this card is to get the dividend through this card instead of cheques. the instant credit in the card make the holder ready for further deployment funds at his wish instantly with any ATM all over the world with VISA or Plus features. E Services- The E Service is fast track web based solution backed by latest technology run by DFM for the clients like investors, issuers, brokers and custodians and vendors. In todays fast paced world, the service is required urgently with the click of mouse. The information and services required by the associates are to be provided in their fingertips with updated data for their decision making to make easy and instant. Operations: Being launched in 2000, DFM is steadily growing with its operations towards different area of activities related to stock exchange. The area of operations increase with the addition of products or services provided to the clients. The promotion of basic products of financial markets is the key reason to enhance operations in such a level so that it can satisfy the cliental base, in house and overseas. The total listing of 67 UAE based companies and a few dual listing companies of MENA region countries make DFM a substantially big stock market with national and international transactions to reach a high point. Looking towards 2020 Dubai Expo, the stock exchange is already in revamping its operations by the guideline of Chief Operating Officer. The business of stock exchange, like other businesses seldom experience crest and trough and DFM is no exception. Born in 2000, DFM first experienced the downfall in 2006 with 60% value drop. In the year 2006 November, DFM was converted to a pub lic joint stock company by issuing an IPO with selling 20% of its stock to public and 80% held by Borse Dubai, owned by Dubai Government. The mode operation enhanced as per the demand of the situation and now DFM proves its worth by applying the operation process in proper line excelling the performance. Rules and Regulations: As per the Decision no 3/R of 2000 concerning the regulations as to disclosure and transparency the Chairman of the board of Directors of the securities and commodities authority having considered Federal law no. 4 of 2000 concerning the Emirates Securities and Commodities Authority and Market, Council of Ministers Resolution no 193/18 of 13.03.2000 concerning the constituting of the Board of Directors of the authority, after consultation and coordination with the bodies concerned in the establishment of markets in the state, and pursuant to the resolution of the Authoritys Board of directors at its meeting held on 29.10.2000, has decided to approve the following regulations as to disclosure and transparency. The rules and regulations are covered by Articles with no. 1 to 38 stating the various aspects of law related to the stock exchange market as per the rule set by UAE Government. The rules basically reserve the right of the associates of the stock market along with ensuring the i nterest of the associates. The rule not allows any such loopholes through which any untoward advantages can be availed by any of the associates to make other respective associate to loss. The laws are governed by the Stock exchange authority of UAE and DFM strictly follow the law to ensure proper execution in the lawful manner. Benefits and usage: Benefits of Dubai Financial market is being observed by the investors and issuers along with the other associates like vendors, brokers, custodians and the employee of DFM. The taste of share transactions with the view of profits or loss makes the people of UAE aware of the trend of stock exchange. The local UAE companies have the benefit of local listing and the investors have the benefit of trading in local as well as international segment of share trading. The usage of DFM is to earn revenue on behalf of the Government and to monitor the transactions to have the clear idea of share trading locally or internationally. The booming business environment of UAE looking forward towards Dubai Expo 2020 is supported by DFM and the end result to all associates will be favorable.